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	Comments on: Prime real estate	</title>
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		By: James Fincannon		</title>
		<link>https://behindtheblack.com/behind-the-black/essays-and-commentaries/prime-real-estate/#comment-21744</link>

		<dc:creator><![CDATA[James Fincannon]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 06 Jul 2011 15:18:18 +0000</pubDate>
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					<description><![CDATA[A topic I know something about...

While I agree that there is _likely_ no terrain which is illuminated 100% of the time at the lunar surface (either North or South pole) based solely on LOLA data, I have always had some problems with using imagery to deduce this. 

At the resolution of the imagery in the video, it is hard to see the spots that might be where solar arrays could get eternal light.  This might be addressed if the full resolution images were examined although it is devilishly hard to register the images (i.e. get them to overlay precisely).  But even if you could get the maximum resolution of the images and have them registered correctly, the resolution may still not be enough to see the eternal illumination (for solar arrays) spot.  How small is acceptable?  

But it seems to me the most convincing imagery evidence of a spot of eternal illumination (for solar arrays) is a dark “spot” or location for about half the year (near the pole) around which is illuminated terrain.  Why? Because the Sun&#039;s rays during the worse time of year near the pole is either parallel to the surface or coming from below.  So your flat lunar surface near the pole which may be the highest point around is going to be dark because the sunlight is passing parallel to the surface at best.  Sure, the terrain adjacent and _around_ the &quot;dark&quot; spot/location may be getting illuminated, but during the lunar day (our month) as the Sun&#039;s rays come from different directions, the surface around the &quot;dark&quot; spot will be getting less than 100% illumination.  Finding such dark “spots” is hard because it’s hard to register the images correctly.

But let’s say we don’t have to worry about the problems I mention above.  Other problems include the regolith color.  There is dark and light and average color regolith.  If I am seeing a dark piece of surface, is it due to be regolith color being dark (absorbing all the light, not reflecting it)?  These colors (or reflectivity properties) change based on Sun angle.  Also, let’s say a spot was illuminated all the time, how can we tell that the Sun isn&#039;t being partially blocked (&#062;50% even)?  For general illumination purposes, 50% Sun isn’t so bad (we can see using polarizing lens/shades/sunglasses), but for solar arrays it’s a different matter and would not count as fully lit.  Also, since the orbit is 2 hours, we do not know what is going on illumination-wise when the camera is not imaging the spot.  Sure, it is _only_ 2 hours, but some critical shadows from distant terrain could occur as the Sun is passing between mountain peaks/valleys.

Regarding how high up you need to put a solar array for capturing the Sun 100% of the time,  I did some analysis using LOLA showing the height was ~3500m (~3100m for south pole and ~1500m for north pole using terrestrial radar data of the Moon).  You need to clear the shadows cast by Malapert Mountain.]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>A topic I know something about&#8230;</p>
<p>While I agree that there is _likely_ no terrain which is illuminated 100% of the time at the lunar surface (either North or South pole) based solely on LOLA data, I have always had some problems with using imagery to deduce this. </p>
<p>At the resolution of the imagery in the video, it is hard to see the spots that might be where solar arrays could get eternal light.  This might be addressed if the full resolution images were examined although it is devilishly hard to register the images (i.e. get them to overlay precisely).  But even if you could get the maximum resolution of the images and have them registered correctly, the resolution may still not be enough to see the eternal illumination (for solar arrays) spot.  How small is acceptable?  </p>
<p>But it seems to me the most convincing imagery evidence of a spot of eternal illumination (for solar arrays) is a dark “spot” or location for about half the year (near the pole) around which is illuminated terrain.  Why? Because the Sun&#8217;s rays during the worse time of year near the pole is either parallel to the surface or coming from below.  So your flat lunar surface near the pole which may be the highest point around is going to be dark because the sunlight is passing parallel to the surface at best.  Sure, the terrain adjacent and _around_ the &#8220;dark&#8221; spot/location may be getting illuminated, but during the lunar day (our month) as the Sun&#8217;s rays come from different directions, the surface around the &#8220;dark&#8221; spot will be getting less than 100% illumination.  Finding such dark “spots” is hard because it’s hard to register the images correctly.</p>
<p>But let’s say we don’t have to worry about the problems I mention above.  Other problems include the regolith color.  There is dark and light and average color regolith.  If I am seeing a dark piece of surface, is it due to be regolith color being dark (absorbing all the light, not reflecting it)?  These colors (or reflectivity properties) change based on Sun angle.  Also, let’s say a spot was illuminated all the time, how can we tell that the Sun isn&#8217;t being partially blocked (&gt;50% even)?  For general illumination purposes, 50% Sun isn’t so bad (we can see using polarizing lens/shades/sunglasses), but for solar arrays it’s a different matter and would not count as fully lit.  Also, since the orbit is 2 hours, we do not know what is going on illumination-wise when the camera is not imaging the spot.  Sure, it is _only_ 2 hours, but some critical shadows from distant terrain could occur as the Sun is passing between mountain peaks/valleys.</p>
<p>Regarding how high up you need to put a solar array for capturing the Sun 100% of the time,  I did some analysis using LOLA showing the height was ~3500m (~3100m for south pole and ~1500m for north pole using terrestrial radar data of the Moon).  You need to clear the shadows cast by Malapert Mountain.</p>
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