” . . . Further, full recycling of all system consumables is possible if gaseous air is liquified using a cryocooler on the lunar surface, ideally aided by the low temperatures in shadowed regions . . .”

so in theory, this won’t become a problem. After installation, the system would only need some start-up air, energy (sunlight -> electricity), and maintenance.

From the Paper’s Introduction:

Cryogenic liquids harness film boiling which aids in the removal of dust and improves upon previous fluidal mitigation methods [[14], [15], [16]]. The precise mechanisms of interaction between the liquid nitrogen, fabric surface, and dust grains have not been determined. However, liquid nitrogen has been observed to encapsulate and then transport solids during film boiling. This coupled with the rapid expansion of gas during liquid boiloff, which may result in liftoff of dust grains, is anticipated to explain the high levels of removal. Liquid nitrogen sprays have demonstrated 97.0% removal in a terrestrial environment, independent of cleaning surface and >90% cleaning in a vacuum environment in less than 1 s [15].

John Jossy: Thank you. I missed this story. With two different methods the possibilities of solving this difficult problem increase enormously.

We must remember that merely cleaning gear is not enough. There must also be a system to keep the dust from entering habitats when people go in and out. It must be possible to clean the airlocks, and do it before the occupants enter the main interior.

Andi: The first is what I thought I had typed. Now fixed. Thank you.

“… the dust could cause serious health issues”

or

“… the astronauts could face serious health issues”