Skiing dry ice boulders on Mars
Click for full image.
Cool image and video time! The image to the right, cropped and reduced to post here, shows something that when I spotted it in reviewing the newest image download from the high resolution camera on Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO), I found it very baffling. The photo was taken on March 3, 2020, and shows an incredible number of linear groves on the slope of a large dune inside Russell Crater, located in the Martian southern highlands at about 54 degrees south latitude.
If these were created by boulders we should see them at the bottom of each groove. Instead, the grooves generally seem to peter out as if the boulder rolling down the slope had vanished. Making this even more unlikely is that the top of the slope simply does not have sufficient boulders to make all these groves.
The image was requested by Dr. Candice Hansen of the Planetary Science Institute in Tucson, Arizona, who when I emailed her in bafflement she responded like so:
You will love the explanation for this one! (-:
We think that the grooves are formed from blocks of dry ice breaking off at the top and sliding down the sand dune.
…What is really fun (at least if you are a nerd like me) is to go to the grocery store and buy a block of dry ice, then head to any nearby sand dunes. The block will levitate and slide down if the sand is compact enough.
Because the block is sublimating away, the gas acts as a lubricant so that it can slide down the hill. If large enough, the dry ice block will stop at the base of the hill to disappear in a small pit. If small enough, it actually might completely vaporize as it slides, explaining the grooves that appear to gradually fade away.
Hansen and her colleagues actually did this, and posted the video of it on youtube.
Though the dune on Mars is in the high mid-latitudes, Hansen explained that it is possible for carbon dioxide to condense into a solid on Mars at latitudes as low as 20 degrees. “We think carbon dioxide gets cold-trapped up in the alcoves at the crest of the dunes.”
This theory is actually not new. I have posted about it previously — on July 10, 2014, on December 21, 2015, and on October 25, 2017 — with the last post also including the video above.
The idea is so strange however that it apparently never sunk in. Maybe this image will help me remember it the next time I see boulder tracks on Mars, made by boulders that have vanished.
The support of my readers through the years has given me the freedom and ability to analyze objectively the ongoing renaissance in space, as well as the cultural changes -- for good or ill -- that are happening across America. Four years ago, just before the 2020 election I wrote that Joe Biden's mental health was suspect. Only in this year has the propaganda mainstream media decided to recognize that basic fact.
Fourteen years ago I wrote that SLS and Orion were a bad ideas, a waste of money, would be years behind schedule, and better replaced by commercial private enterprise. Even today NASA and Congress refuse to recognize this reality.
In 2020 when the world panicked over COVID I wrote that the panic was unnecessary, that the virus was apparently simply a variation of the flu, that masks were not simply pointless but if worn incorrectly were a health threat, that the lockdowns were a disaster and did nothing to stop the spread of COVID. Only in the past year have some of our so-called experts in the health field have begun to recognize these facts.
Your help allows me to do this kind of intelligent analysis. I take no advertising or sponsors, so my reporting isn't influenced by donations by established space or drug companies. Instead, I rely entirely on donations and subscriptions from my readers, which gives me the freedom to write what I think, unencumbered by outside influences.
Please consider supporting my work here at Behind the Black.
You can support me either by giving a one-time contribution or a regular subscription. There are five ways of doing so:
1. Zelle: This is the only internet method that charges no fees. All you have to do is use the Zelle link at your internet bank and give my name and email address (zimmerman at nasw dot org). What you donate is what I get.
2. Patreon: Go to my website there and pick one of five monthly subscription amounts, or by making a one-time donation.
3. A Paypal Donation:
5. Donate by check, payable to Robert Zimmerman and mailed to
Behind The Black
c/o Robert Zimmerman
P.O.Box 1262
Cortaro, AZ 85652
You can also support me by buying one of my books, as noted in the boxes interspersed throughout the webpage or shown in the menu above. And if you buy the books through the ebookit links, I get a larger cut and I get it sooner.
Click for full image.
Cool image and video time! The image to the right, cropped and reduced to post here, shows something that when I spotted it in reviewing the newest image download from the high resolution camera on Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO), I found it very baffling. The photo was taken on March 3, 2020, and shows an incredible number of linear groves on the slope of a large dune inside Russell Crater, located in the Martian southern highlands at about 54 degrees south latitude.
If these were created by boulders we should see them at the bottom of each groove. Instead, the grooves generally seem to peter out as if the boulder rolling down the slope had vanished. Making this even more unlikely is that the top of the slope simply does not have sufficient boulders to make all these groves.
The image was requested by Dr. Candice Hansen of the Planetary Science Institute in Tucson, Arizona, who when I emailed her in bafflement she responded like so:
You will love the explanation for this one! (-:
We think that the grooves are formed from blocks of dry ice breaking off at the top and sliding down the sand dune.
…What is really fun (at least if you are a nerd like me) is to go to the grocery store and buy a block of dry ice, then head to any nearby sand dunes. The block will levitate and slide down if the sand is compact enough.
Because the block is sublimating away, the gas acts as a lubricant so that it can slide down the hill. If large enough, the dry ice block will stop at the base of the hill to disappear in a small pit. If small enough, it actually might completely vaporize as it slides, explaining the grooves that appear to gradually fade away.
Hansen and her colleagues actually did this, and posted the video of it on youtube.
Though the dune on Mars is in the high mid-latitudes, Hansen explained that it is possible for carbon dioxide to condense into a solid on Mars at latitudes as low as 20 degrees. “We think carbon dioxide gets cold-trapped up in the alcoves at the crest of the dunes.”
This theory is actually not new. I have posted about it previously — on July 10, 2014, on December 21, 2015, and on October 25, 2017 — with the last post also including the video above.
The idea is so strange however that it apparently never sunk in. Maybe this image will help me remember it the next time I see boulder tracks on Mars, made by boulders that have vanished.
The support of my readers through the years has given me the freedom and ability to analyze objectively the ongoing renaissance in space, as well as the cultural changes -- for good or ill -- that are happening across America. Four years ago, just before the 2020 election I wrote that Joe Biden's mental health was suspect. Only in this year has the propaganda mainstream media decided to recognize that basic fact.
Fourteen years ago I wrote that SLS and Orion were a bad ideas, a waste of money, would be years behind schedule, and better replaced by commercial private enterprise. Even today NASA and Congress refuse to recognize this reality.
In 2020 when the world panicked over COVID I wrote that the panic was unnecessary, that the virus was apparently simply a variation of the flu, that masks were not simply pointless but if worn incorrectly were a health threat, that the lockdowns were a disaster and did nothing to stop the spread of COVID. Only in the past year have some of our so-called experts in the health field have begun to recognize these facts.
Your help allows me to do this kind of intelligent analysis. I take no advertising or sponsors, so my reporting isn't influenced by donations by established space or drug companies. Instead, I rely entirely on donations and subscriptions from my readers, which gives me the freedom to write what I think, unencumbered by outside influences.
Please consider supporting my work here at Behind the Black.
You can support me either by giving a one-time contribution or a regular subscription. There are five ways of doing so:
1. Zelle: This is the only internet method that charges no fees. All you have to do is use the Zelle link at your internet bank and give my name and email address (zimmerman at nasw dot org). What you donate is what I get.
2. Patreon: Go to my website there and pick one of five monthly subscription amounts, or by making a one-time donation.
3. A Paypal Donation:
5. Donate by check, payable to Robert Zimmerman and mailed to
Behind The Black
c/o Robert Zimmerman
P.O.Box 1262
Cortaro, AZ 85652
You can also support me by buying one of my books, as noted in the boxes interspersed throughout the webpage or shown in the menu above. And if you buy the books through the ebookit links, I get a larger cut and I get it sooner.
Cool! Literally.
Gullies on Mars are fairly deep until pretty much the end of the track. This would imply a relatively large starting block. No blocks are ever seen at the bottom or partway down the tracks. Lots of potential blocks at the top. Earth simulations seem to show very different types of tracks – they seem much shallower, almost invisible.
I’m inclined to think something else is going on, although I admit I don’t another theory – not enough data.
Ice Blocking on Earth. 50lb blocks of ice, terry cloth towels, well manicured golf course, at night, teenagers.
Find well groomed golf course grass slope, place ice block near slope edge, place towel on top of block, sit on block, towel becomes obvious, link legs around buddy / buddyess in front of you to form a chain, no more than six is best.
Nudge, scoot to edge of slope, until …
Warp speed down the slope.
Careful of flying ice blocks.
Leave ice blocks at bottom of slide to mysteriously disappear by morning.
Ice Blocking on Earth.