Category: Behind The Black

NASA IG: NASA’s launch infrastructure at Kennedy and Wallops needs attention

12:30 pm

Launch sites at Kennedy and Cape Canaveral
Figure 2 of IG report, annotated further by me.

According to a report released today [pdf] by NASA’s inspector general (IG), NASA’s launch infrastructure at both the Kennedy Space Center in Florida and the Wallops Flight Facility in Virginia are aging and need upgrades, but there is a systemic limitation on NASA’s access to funds to do the work.

The IG report — as is always expected from such a government report — of course whines about the lack of funding in recent NASA budgets, noting that Congress recently allocated $250 million for this purpose, but NASA claims it needs four times that amount, or $1 billion.

The report however also recognizes that this not the real problem. The map to the right, Figure 2 from the report, has been further annotated by me to show who is leasing or using each launch complex at both the Kennedy Space Center (managed by NASA) and Cape Canaveral Space Force Station (managed by the military but also supported significantly by NASA). As you can see, almost all launch sites are either leased by private rocket companies, or are being primed for future such leases. Yet, “statutory funding barriers” limit how much money NASA can collect from these companies. From the report’s conclusion:

Going forward, it is also vital for NASA to have a means to collect funds from commercial partners for their increasing use of the Agency’s launch infrastructure. Since 2020, commercial launches represented approximately 70 percent of all launches supported by Kennedy and Wallops. Yet, statutory funding barriers prevent the Agency from receiving money directly from these partners for infrastructure and the Agency’s cost recovery practices have limited the amounts collected from them.

NASA initiated efforts a decade ago to establish an Infrastructure Investment Fund that would allow the Agency to accept contributions from non-federal sources for long-term, large-scale shared infrastructure projects. However, legislation authorizing such a fund has yet to pass.

In our judgement, without an Infrastructure Investment Fund and analyses of whether additional indirect rates should be charged to commercial partners for launch services, it will be difficult for NASA to fund the infrastructure upgrades required to meet the launch needs of the Agency and the nation.

In other words, Congress has to change the law so that NASA can reasonably charge these companies for the use and maintenance of the common infrastructure (power, communications, and roads). This would be a far better solution than simply giving NASA a bigger budget. The companies are making money leasing these launch sites. It is perfectly reasonable to ask them to pay their fair share for maintaining the spaceport’s basic equipment that allows those launch sites to function.

An even better solution: Transfer both Kennedy and Wallops to private entities, and get NASA out of this business entirely. It will eventually no longer be launching its SLS rocket, and will then no longer need any pads of its own. At that point it will simply hire private rocket companies, who will in turn lease their pads from private sources. Let these spaceports become private as well.

The report also outlines in detail the situation at the Wallops Island spaceport, including who is leasing or using its various launch pads. Besides NASA and the Pentagon, Rocket Lab, Northrop Grumman, and Firefly are the private lessors. The report also found that recent upgrades at Wallops is keeping more ahead of the curve than at Kennedy.

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Astronomers discover an asymmetrical radio galaxy distorted wildly as it plows into the surrounding galactic medium

9:49 am

Distorted radio galaxy
Figure 1 from the paper. Click for original.

Using ground-based radio telescopes, astronomers have now discovered a very strange asymmetrical radio galaxy squashed into a gigantic arc almost two million light years across as the galaxy pushes its way into the surrounding material of an even more gigantic galactic cluster.

In RAD-BAARG [the name they have given the galaxy], the researchers say one of the jets appears to interact with a large bow shock-like structure formed as the host galaxy falls through the surrounding hot gas toward a nearby cluster of galaxies. Similar to the shockwave formed ahead of a supersonic aircraft, a galaxy moving faster than the speed of sound in the surrounding intracluster medium can compress the ambient gas and generate a large-scale shock front.

The radio-emitting plasma from RAD-BAARG appears to illuminate this otherwise extremely faint structure, making it visible in low-frequency radio images, according to the team. The western side of the source contains a narrow jet feeding a sector-shaped emission region and a giant arc-like feature extending over nearly 560 kiloparsecs (1.8 million light years).

On the opposite side, the jet develops a distorted S-shaped morphology followed by a faint offset tail extending to almost 600 kiloparsecs. The overall structure suggests strong interaction between the radio plasma and the surrounding large-scale environment.

You can read their published paper here. The images to the right are figure 1 from that paper. The top image is just the radio data. The bottom image shows the contours of that radio data over the optical view. The cross marks the location of object’s host galaxy, as seen in the optical.

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Canada’s second proposed spaceport opens first rocket factory

9:03 am

Proposed Canadian spaceports
Proposed Canadian spaceports

The Canadian rocket startup Nordspace, which also hopes to operate the Atlantic Spaceport in Newfoundland, last week announced the opening of a new headquarters where it hopes to begin building its smallsat Tundra rockets.

The 60,000 square foot advanced manufacturing campus is dedicated to the production of the company’s light and medium-lift orbital launch vehicles alongside its space systems division, and represents a 10x expansion over NordSpace’s previous headquarters.

In reading between the lines of the press release, it appears this facility is mostly the company’s administrative and operations headquarters, though it is large enough to assembly two Tundra smallsat rockets at the same time, designed to put about three times more payload into orbit than Rocket Lab’s very successful Electron rocket.

Unlike Spaceport Nova Scotia, which was first proposed more than a decade ago and after years of struggle was leased in March by the Canadian government for $200 million, Nordspace has only been around since 2024 and has received a relatively small grant from the government, some portion of a $8.3 million program to support three Canadian rocket startups.

With both spaceports, there has been a lot of blarney spouted. Thus, separating the sizzle from the steak is difficult. No launch dates for Tundra have been provided, though the company says it has purchased the land for an even larger manufacturing facility, though once again it provides no timetables.

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Rocket Lab and SpaceX complete launches

9:49 am

In the past two days both Rocket Lab and SpaceX successfully completed launches.

I am reporting the Rocket Lab launch two days late because it was unannounced and remains officially unconfirmed by the company two days after lift-off. According to two different launch tracking websites (here and here), the company’s Electron rocket lifted off successfully from one of its two New Zealand launchpads on June 19, 2026, placing a Rocket Lab payload into orbit dubbed Puma, a Space Force satellite designed to rendezvous with a target spacecraft dubbed Jackel that was built by the company True Anomaly and launched on an earlier SpaceX launch.

The mission secrecy was also for a second purpose, as outlined by Rocket Lab:

The $32 million contract includes a Rocket Lab spacecraft, configured for the unique requirements of the VICTUS HAZE mission, that will launch on Electron within just 24 hours’ notice. The mission is designed to improve Tactically Responsive Space (TacRS) processes and timelines to demonstrate the SSC’s ability to respond to on-orbit threats on very short timelines.

SpaceX then followed up today with a launch of 24 more Starlink satellites, its Falcon 9 rocket lifting off from Vandenberg Space Force Base in California. The first stage (B1063) completed its 33rd flight (70 days after its previous mission), landing on a drone ship in the Pacific. With this flight this booster moved into a tie with the space shuttle Atlantis for fourth place in the rankings for the most reused launch vehicle:

39 Discovery space shuttle
35 Falcon 9 booster B1067
34 Falcon 9 booster B1071
33 Atlantis space shuttle
33 Falcon 9 booster B1063
31 Falcon 9 booster B1069
29 Falcon 9 booster B1077
28 Columbia space shuttle
28 Falcon 9 booster B1078

Sources here and here.

The leaders in the 2026 launch race:

74 SpaceX
40 China
9 Rocket Lab (plus two suborbital HASTE launches)
8 Russia

For the third straight year SpaceX leads the entire world combined in total launches, 74 to 69.

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Katalyst’s Link rescue satellite goes airborne in advance of launch

9:26 am

Katalyst's proposed Swift rescue mission
Katalyst’s proposed Swift rescue mission.
Click for original image.

Katalyst’s Link rescue satellite — that will attempt to grab the Gehrels-Swift space telescope and raise its orbit — began its journey to its launch area over the south Pacific on June 18, 2026 when Northrop Grumman’s Pegasus rocket that will launch it was taken airborne by company’s Stargazer L-1011 airplane.

Stargazer, a modified L-1011 operated by Northrop Grumman, took off for Kwajalein Atoll, part of the Republic of the Marshall Islands in the South Pacific Ocean. Attached to the belly of the aircraft was one of the company’s Pegasus XL rockets with LINK inside.

…Stargazer will carry Pegasus and LINK to Kwajalein Atoll, part of the Republic of the Marshall Islands in the South Pacific Ocean with stopovers in California and Hawai’i.

Sometime later this month Stargazer will go to its launch area, climb to 40,000 feet, and release the Pegasus rocket, which will then ignite its engines to carry Link into orbit. Link will then attempt to rendezvous with Gehrels-Swift, using its robot arms to catch it (the telescope has no grapple attachment). If successful, it will then raise the telescope’s orbit so that it can resume observations for years to come.

The mission is daring in more ways than just described. Katalyst has never done this before. It is a startup that reconfigured its first demo mission into this rescue mission.

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June 19, 2026 Quick space links

2:40 pm

Courtesy of BtB’s stringer Jay. This post is also an open thread. I welcome my readers to post any comments or additional links relating to any space issues, even if unrelated to the links below.

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The real history of the United States

12:44 pm

Out Where the West Begins

In August last year Diane and I made one of our many visits to the Grand Canyon. Along the rim near the Bright Angel trailhead there is a bookstore/gift shop. As we were not doing any hiking on this visit, merely touring the rim like millions of other tourists, we stopped in to browse the trinkets, art, and books. In doing so, I happened upon a two volume history of the American west by Philip Anschutz, entitled Out Where the West Begins.

At the time I was reading a biography of Cornelius Vanderbilt, the transportation giant of the 1800s who built Grand Central Station in New York and for a time owned and operated almost every railroad in the eastern United States (see my November 2025 review). That book was not only teaching me things about Vanderbilt I had never known, it was telling me something about basic American history that was never covered at all in my public schooling: The country was built by businessmen, free, competitive, aggressive, and largely ethical (though often with a streak of the scoundrel about them).

American public schools ignore this history. Instead, their lesson plans focus almost entirely on the politicians and economic and social background of our history. Though important for sure, the nation was not really built by those battles. Good politicians might have freed the slaves, or laid down the legal framework for settling the west, but most of what they did was violent or caused division. Economics and social studies merely provide context and background. It was people like Vanderbilt who did the actual construction, and they did if for profit.

As I was reading Vanderbilt’s biography last summer, I sensed this large gap in my knowledge of our country’s past. Who were the other businessmen and women who built our country? What obstacles did they face and overcome? I very much wanted those questions answered.
» Read more

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Texas Supreme Court rejects beach closure lawsuit against SpaceX

9:35 am

The Texas Supreme Court today unanimously rejected the lawsuit by fringe activist groups against SpaceX and the closure of beaches near Boca Chica for Starship/Superheavy launches.

Siding with SpaceX and the attorney general’s office, the Texas Supreme Court on Friday ruled that environmental groups did not have a right to sue to preserve public access to a beach that has been closed during rocket launches. The unanimous ruling said a trial judge properly dismissed the lawsuit with prejudice, meaning the groups could not refile it with changes.

The lawsuit was brought by SaveRGV, a very small group of leftist anti-Musk activists who have tried to use lawfare for the past five years to shut down Boca Chica. Later, the Sierra Club and the Carrizo/Comecrudo Nation of Texas joined in. The latter is a fake Indian tribe, as this tribe never existed in Texas at all, and is presently non-existent.

This decision essentially ends the lawfare campaign of these groups. I am sure they will try again, but their options continue to shrink, especially because they have practically no support in the southern Texas region. Everyone else is enthusiastically enjoying the prosperity and wealth SpaceX is bringing to the area.

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Problems during first drop tests of Europe’s Space Rider prototype

8:23 am

Artist rendering of Space Rider in orbit
Artist rendering of Space Rider in orbit. Click for original.

It appears that there was an undisclosed problem in May that prevented the first drop tests from a helicopter of a prototype of Europe’s Space Rider mini-reusable shuttle.

During a June 17 press briefing following the 347th ESA Council meeting, weeks after the aborted attempt occurred, ESA’s head of strategy and institutional launches for space transportation, Lucía Linares, explained that the agency could not provide a concrete date for the final drop test, stating only that it would take place after the summer and before the end of the year.

When asked what had prompted the several-month-long delay, an ESA spokesperson confirmed that the previously unannounced test campaign had taken place. According to the agency, the two-week campaign had concluded on 8 May, when the anomaly forced teams to abort the final test sequence. According to the spokesperson, the anomaly occurred during the captive ascent phase. During this phase, the mock-up was raised to drop height by a CH-47 Chinook helicopter. The agency did not, however, provide details about the nature of the anomaly.

This reusable capsule concept by the European Space Agency (ESA) is essentially a variation of either Varda’s returnable capsule or Boeing’s X-37B, but its development has been ridiculously slow. It was first tested by ESA in 2015. By 2017 the agency was promising it would be flying commercially by 2025. A decade later and they have not yet begun testing a full scale spacecraft.

Last summer ESA did helicopter drop tests of just the “brain” and parafoil. Now the drop tests this year of a full scale model — not the real thing — has been delayed until the end of this year because of an undisclosed “anomaly.”

When ESA finally does helicopter drop tests of the actual flight model remains completely unknown. Based on its pace of development, this reusable capsule won’t fly for another five to ten years. By then, a dozen companies will be flying their own private reusable capsules and spacecraft, as well as offering similar services on private space stations.

At that point ESA will likely cancel the program, after wasting two decades and more than a $100 million.

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SpaceX launches classified payload for National Reconnaissance Office

8:09 am

SpaceX in the early morning today successfully launched a classified payload for National Reconnaissance Office, its Falcon 9 lifting off from Vandenberg Space Force Base in California.

The number of satellites in the payload was not disclosed. The rocket’s two fairings completed their 3rd and 35th flights. The first stage completed its 3rd flight (29 days after its previous flight), landing back at Vandenberg.

The leaders in the 2026 launch race:

73 SpaceX
40 China
8 Russia
8 Rocket Lab (plus two suborbital HASTE launches)

For the third straight year SpaceX leads the entire world combined in total launches, 73 to 68.

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Final results from Lucy’s 2025 fly-by of asteroid Donaldjohanson: A tumbling peanut!

8:00 am

Lucy's gravitational field
Click for movie.

The science team for the asteroid probe Lucy yesterday published their final results from the spacecraft’s fly-by of the main belt asteroid Donaldjohanson in April 2025, outlining their present hypothesis based on the data as to the asteroid’s origins and evolution that has left it today a tumbling peanut.

The image to the right comes from a short animation showing the asteroid’s computed tumbling. The colors indicate the strength of its gravitational field, depending on slope. “Higher values (warmer colors) indicate steeper terrain relative to the local gravitational pull.” From the conclusion of their published paper:

We propose the following scenario for the formation and evolution of DJ [Donaldjohanson]. The parent body of the Erigone family was ≈80 km in diameter and was destroyed by a ≈20-km impactor at ≈155 [million years ago]. DJ’s bilobed shape probably arose from the accretion of fragments from this break-up event. This left DJ with an initial spin period of ≪10 hours.

The YORP effect [the pressure of sunlight] then slowed DJ’s rotation and shifted its spin axis toward low obliquity. After 20 to 60 [million years], DJ’s spin period reached ≈10 hours, causing slopes in the neck region to fail. The resulting widespread mass movement toward both lobes produced the ridge and smoothed the neck region.

Sometime later (<40 [million years ago), craters smaller than 0.4 km were globally erased, possibly owing to seismic shaking by an impact. Localized mass wasting on the neck continued, degrading the morphology of many craters without altering the small crater SFD. From 80 to 120 [million years] after formation, DJ’s rotation entered its current NPA [non–principal axis] state, with a spin period of 100 to 200 hours.

A more prosaic way of describing “non–principal axis state” is to say the asteroid is tumbling.

Lucy is presently on its way to the Trojan asteroids that orbit with Jupiter 60 degrees fore and aft of the gas giant. It will fly past ten Trojans during its mission, with the first the asteroid Eurybates on Aug. 12, 2027.

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Anthony Fauci: Not only a liar from day one, evidence now proves he financed the creation of Covid

11:05 pm

Fauci: Washington's top liar
Anthony Fauci: a liar, crook, and most important,
the man who financed the Covid epidemic.

At the end of her final day in office as director of national intelligence, former Democrat Tulsi Gabbard today released a slew of formerly classified papers, documents, and email communications that prove that Anthony Fauci had not only approved extensive funding to the Wuhan lab in China that was the source of the Covid virus, he lied about his actions to Congress and to the public.

For years during the Covid panic Fauci repeatedly claimed under oath and publicly that the agency he headed, the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), had never funded any “gain of function” research — research that specifically produces dangerous new pathogens like Covid. Moreover, he repeatedly denied under oath and publicly sending any funds to China’s Wuhan lab for that research.

The document dump by Gabbard proves without a shadow of a doubt Fauci was lying in every case. He is a duplicitous, deceitful, and dishonest man. This quote from press release alone should put him in prison for perjury:

Throughout the pandemic, Fauci and politicized leaders within the IC [intelligence community] created a self-serving circular reporting loop. He provided hand-picked NIAID-funded scientists to advise the IC. This input shaped official intelligence assessments, which were then publicly cited as scientific consensus to refute the lab-leak theory.

According to hundreds of reviewed emails, the IC almost always incorporated his recommendations. Fauci promoted a fraudulent paper, whose publication he helped prompt, as legitimate information for Intelligence Community consideration. Senior analysts praised Fauci not as a “policymaker,” but as an unbiased guide to “the real coronavirus experts”—while ignoring experts who might dissent from Fauci’s narratives.

The correspondence released today directly contradicts Fauci’s 2024 testimony to the House Select Subcommittee on the Coronavirus Pandemic. In that hearing, while under oath, Fauci was repeatedly asked whether he spoke to “FBI, CIA, DIA or any U.S. intelligence agency concerning viral research” before, during, or after the pandemic. Fauci repeatedly dodged the questions, before falsely stating, “not to my knowledge about COVID.”

He lied. But then, he also lied about masks, about the jab, about natural immunity, all of which was patently obvious during and after the panic if you exerted the slightest effort to question his statements or positions.

Now, evidence in black and white has been released that shows without doubt that he lied about funding the Wuhan research that actually led to the epidemic. He used American funds to finance research at a Chinese laboratory — controlled by a hostile power — that ended up sloppily (or maybe on purpose) leaking the pathogen and causing the epidemic, and then lied about it for years, taking actions against whistle-blowers or anyone in the medical community that dared to raise question about his actions.

Will Fauci go to jail? Probably not. For decades our corrupt leaders in Washington have been increasingly playing these kinds of games, and getting away with it. I expect the same to happen now.

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June 18, 2026 Quick space links

2:44 pm

Courtesy of BtB’s stringer Jay. This post is also an open thread. I welcome my readers to post any comments or additional links relating to any space issues, even if unrelated to the links below.

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A “thermal anomaly” in young Martian lava

12:08 pm

A
Click for original image.

Cool image time! The picture to the right, cropped and reduced to post here, was taken on May 1, 2026 by the high resolution camera on Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO).

The science team labels this picture “Thermal Anomaly in Young Lava Flows”. The anomaly, indicated by the arrow, is the distinctly blue floor of the unnamed small 300-foot-wide crater about a third of a mile east of that 30-foot-high mesa. According to MRO guidelines [pdf] for interpreting the colors the camera produces:

Frost and ice are also relatively blue, but bright, and often concentrated at the poles or on pole-facing slopes. Some bedrock is also relatively bright and blue, but not as much as frost or ice, and it has distinctive morphologies.

The guidelines say more, but based on this information it suggests the floor of that crater is unusually cold, able to hold frost and ice. The picture was taken during the Martian winter, so seeing frost inside this crater at this time is possible, though its location, deep inside the dry equatorial regions of Mars where no near surface ice is generally found, tells us that if this is frost, it is truly unusual, deserving the description of “an anomaly.”
» Read more

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Airplane crash that killed four blamed on Pentagon test of GPS jamming

11:09 am

The National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) has concluded that a New Mexico crash that killed four of a medical ambulance airplane on an emergency flight to pick up a sick patient occurred because of a Pentagon test of its GPS jamming capability.

On May 14, an airplane ambulance based out of Roswell, New Mexico, was called to the Sierra Blanca Regional Airport in Ruidoso to pick up a patient. Before they arrived in Ruidoso, the plane went down shortly after midnight. The victims included two pilots and two flight nurses.

According to the preliminary NTSB report, investigators stated the crew reported losing GPS at midnight, minutes after departure. The report said they had to request assistance from air traffic control. “GPS jamming activities that encompassed the area around the accident flight were being conducted by the United States military during the time of the flight,” the report stated.

The report said air traffic control called their operation supervisor and requested the military to stop the GPS jamming. Air traffic control tried to guide the aircraft with radar headings and later cleared it for an instrument approach, then switched to a ground-based landing system. Several minutes later, the crew reported having a visual on Ruidoso. There were no other transmissions from the aircraft.

The report said flight tracking data showed the aircraft descending, approaching the Capitan mountains, which rise above 10,000 feet. The plane ultimately struck the side of the mountain at about 9,950 feet in elevation.

For the War Department to do this test in public areas where commercial flights occur is bad enough. Such tests should always be restricted to military bases in isolated areas, of which the Pentagon has many. If this isn’t satisfactory to the Pentagon than at a minimum it should be prepared to cancel the test instantly when notified a plane is in trouble because of it.

In this case it clearly was not prepared to cancel quickly, and thus four people died unnecessarily.

The NTSB notes this this report is still preliminary and that its investigation is on-going.

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Update on rocket startup Relativity and its Terran-R rocket

9:38 am

Link here. With NASA awarding it a major contract yesterday to launch and operate a Mars orbiter by 2028, this detailed report today on the status of the company’s Terran-R rocket and its launchpad at Cape Canaveral is very well timed.

The report provides details on the testing status of the rocket’s first and second stages. It also describes the construction at the launchpad, with the horizontal assembly building just about finished. The key paragraph in the report however is the last:

With the second stage on its way to Stennis for testing, the first-stage qualification article preparing for structural load testing, and LC-16 rapidly approaching its final configuration, Relativity Space is entering the pivotal final phase of Terran R development. If this pace holds, the company will remain on track for a maiden flight by the end of 2026 — introducing a new heavy-lift launch system with a payload capacity significantly higher than SpaceX’s Falcon 9.

In addition to Relativity, there are a lot of companies that hope to do the first launch of a new rocket this year, including the American companies Rocket Lab and Stoke Space, the German companies Isar and Rocket Factory Augsburg, the Spanish company PLD, the South Korean company Innospace, the Australia company Gilmour, and the India company Skyroot. It is also possible I have missed one or two, there are so many.

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The suborbital spaceplane company Dawn Aerospace raises $25 million in private capital

9:19 am

The crew and Mk-II Aurora
The crew and Mk-II Aurora

According to a press release issued June 16, 2026, the suborbital spaceplane company Dawn Aerospace has now raised an additional $25 million in private investment capital, more than doubling the amount of money raised by the company.

Dawn Aerospace today announced the close of its Series B funding round, raising $25 million at a $195 million post-money valuation. The round was led by US-based VC, Balerion Space Ventures.

Since its Series A in 2022, Dawn Aerospace has become the leading provider of non-toxic chemical propulsion worldwide with 200 thrusters in space on more than 50 satellites. Dawn has also flown supersonic with the Aurora suborbital spaceplane, making it the first privately developed aircraft to fly supersonic since the Concorde, and one of only two supersonic UAVs operating globally today.

…Commercially, revenue has grown from less than $3 million in FY22 to well over $15 million with growth of over 90% in the last 12 months and cash-flow positive operations.

The company has not only been flying its supersonic small MK-II Aurora spaceplane numerous times successfully, including doing so at least once twice in one day, it has been successfully selling space on those flights.

None of those flights however have been to space. The company says it launch a bigger version of Aurora within the next 12 months with the capability of reaching suborbital space, and plans to begin regular suborbital spaceplane flights from Oklahoma in 2027. It also hopes to demonstrate in orbit a refueling system for satellites by 2028.

If it succeeds, it will likely grab the market share that Blue Origin’s has abandoned when it shut down its New Shepard suborbital capsule, and that Virgin Galactic has lost by not flying for the past few years. Moreover, even if these companies resume suborbital operations, because Dawn’s spaceplanes are not designed for human flight, they are likely much cheaper to fly, and will grab more business.

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