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Readers! A November fund-raising drive!

 

It is unfortunately time for another November fund-raising campaign to support my work here at Behind the Black. I really dislike doing these, but 2025 is so far turning out to be a very poor year for donations and subscriptions, the worst since 2020. I very much need your support for this webpage to survive.

 

And I think I provide real value. Fifteen years ago I said SLS was garbage and should be cancelled. Almost a decade ago I said Orion was a lie and a bad idea. As early as 1998, long before almost anyone else, I predicted in my first book, Genesis: The Story of Apollo 8, that private enterprise and freedom would conquer the solar system, not government. Very early in the COVID panic and continuing throughout I noted that every policy put forth by the government (masks, social distancing, lockdowns, jab mandates) was wrong, misguided, and did more harm than good. In planetary science, while everyone else in the media still thinks Mars has no water, I have been reporting the real results from the orbiters now for more than five years, that Mars is in fact a planet largely covered with ice.

 

I could continue with numerous other examples. If you want to know what others will discover a decade hence, read what I write here at Behind the Black. And if you read my most recent book, Conscious Choice, you will find out what is going to happen in space in the next century.

 

 

This last claim might sound like hubris on my part, but I base it on my overall track record.

 

So please consider donating or subscribing to Behind the Black, either by giving a one-time contribution or a regular subscription. I could really use the support at this time. There are five ways of doing so:

 

1. Zelle: This is the only internet method that charges no fees. All you have to do is use the Zelle link at your internet bank and give my name and email address (zimmerman at nasw dot org). What you donate is what I get.

 

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December 10, 2024 Quick space links

Courtesy of BtB’s stringer Jay. This post is also an open thread. I welcome my readers to post any comments or additional links relating to any space issues, even if unrelated to the links below.

Genesis cover

On Christmas Eve 1968 three Americans became the first humans to visit another world. What they did to celebrate was unexpected and profound, and will be remembered throughout all human history. Genesis: the Story of Apollo 8, Robert Zimmerman's classic history of humanity's first journey to another world, tells that story, and it is now available as both an ebook and an audiobook, both with a foreword by Valerie Anders and a new introduction by Robert Zimmerman.

 

The print edition can be purchased at Amazon or from any other book seller. If you want an autographed copy the price is $60 for the hardback and $45 for the paperback, plus $8 shipping for each. Go here for purchasing details. The ebook is available everywhere for $5.99 (before discount) at amazon, or direct from my ebook publisher, ebookit. If you buy it from ebookit you don't support the big tech companies and the author gets a bigger cut much sooner.


The audiobook is also available at all these vendors, and is also free with a 30-day trial membership to Audible.
 

"Not simply about one mission, [Genesis] is also the history of America's quest for the moon... Zimmerman has done a masterful job of tying disparate events together into a solid account of one of America's greatest human triumphs."--San Antonio Express-News

4 comments

  • Jay

    Interesting, the vessel used to recover the Gaganyaan capsule is the INS Jalashwa (Sanskrit/Hindi: Hippopotamus) is an amphibious transport dock, formerly the USS Trenton,

  • wayne

    Fahrenheit 451 (1966)
    “Montag Watches His Own Death on TV”
    https://youtu.be/boBYhbT_WH4
    (1:37)

    “They can’t keep the viewers waiting much longer, the Show must go on…”

  • Mark Sizer

    I find things such as this very confusing: “the shield blocked 6mm projectile moving at 6.5 kilometers per second.”

    6.5 k/s _seems_ fast, but is it? It looks (via two seconds of searching) as if 9mm bullet velocity is between 900 and 1200 feet/sec. A foot is 0.0003048 kilometers. Clearly they did more than point a 6mm pistol at it and pull the trigger. That makes it seem fast. Orbital speed obviously varies, but LEO seems to be (equally fast search) around 29,000 km/h, which is about 8 km/sec. 6.5 seems both fast and reasonable (the odds of a “head-on” collision in orbit would seem to be small).

    6mm is important for “will it penetrate?”, but what’s the mass? A 6mm diameter hollow plastic sphere is very different from a metric ton tungsten rod with a 6mm tip. Is there anything “interesting” about 6mm? Too small to see on radar? Arbitrarily chosen because of how the test rack works?

    Not penetrating is obviously better than penetrating, but what makes this test meaningful/interesting? (
    A rhetorical question, but if anyone knows, that would be awesome.)

  • Edward

    Mark Sizer,
    I once did some testing with the Ames Vertical Gun Range, and that was an experience and education. We were seeking knowledge as to the damage that might occur to our X-ray telescope’s apertures, which we wanted covered with a form of window. We were seeking materials that would not shatter if struck by a micrometeoroid but would just have a small hole (and could withstand the acoustics within a rocket fairing, but that is another story and another test facility), and NASA’s Ames Research Center was the place we did the test.
    https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/range_factsheet_i.pdf

    6.5 k/s _seems_ fast, but is it?

    Not really. As you noted, low Earth orbital speed is just about 8 km/s, so an object in an orbit just 60° different would have a closing speed of 8 km/s, too. If it comes from outside Earth orbit, it would be at least 40% faster than orbital speed. Things travel fast in space, so collisions can be catastrophic. That is what the shield is for — it is the one that gets perforated by the disintegrating projectile so that the inner hull (pressure vessel) is only struck by much smaller and much slower debris or gas from the initial collision.

    6mm is important for “will it penetrate?”, but what’s the mass?

    The energy to be dissipated is only linearly proportional to the mass, but it is proportional to the square of the speed, which is clearly the important parameter for this test.

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