Rats didn’t spread the Black Death

New research has shown that humans, not rats, spread the Black Death in the plague of 1348-1349. Also,

Sloane, who was previously a field archaeologist with the Museum of London, working on many medieval sites, is now attached to English Heritage. He has concluded that the spread of the 1348-49 plague, the worst to hit the capital, was far faster, with an impact far worse than had been estimated previously. While some suggest that half the city’s population of 60,000 died, he believes it could have been as high as two-thirds. Years later, in 1357, merchants were trying to get their tax bill cut on the grounds that a third of all property in the city was lying empty. [emphasis mine]

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Space Boat: A Nautical Mission to an Alien Sea

The Titan Mare Explorer: A nautical mission to an alien sea.

If [NASA] green-lights the mission, the capsule will lift off in 2016. By 2023, TiME will be about 800 million miles away in Titanโ€™s north-polar region, home to its biggest lakes and seas. The capsule will take photographs, collect meteorological data, measure depth, and analyze samples. TiME will have no means of propulsion once it is on Titan, so it will float, carried by breezes across the seaโ€™s surface. Then, by the mid-2020s, it will enter a decade-long winter of darkness as the moonโ€™s orbit takes it to the dark side of Saturn, away from the sun and communication. It wonโ€™t have a line of sight to Earth to beam back more data until 2035.

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